United States, the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world after China, will attend the climate summit in Paris (cop21) with a clear objective: to achieve a global deal "ambitious" to combat global warming.
"We will seek an agreement that is ambitious, effective, just and lasting", today said the US special envoy for climate change, Todd Stern, in a conference call on the summit, to be held from November 30 to 11 December, Efe reported.
The conference, with the participation of 195 countries, will try to reach an agreement to manage the whole process of combating greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide, so that the planet's temperature is not increased.
The agreement, which would take effect in 2020 with the vocation to last until 2050, replace the second phase of the Kyoto Protocol.
Unlike Kyoto, which only included a group of industrialized countries representing 11% of emissions, the new agreement includes responsibility for all nations and cover almost 100 percent of the gases.
More than 130 heads of state and government have confirmed their attendance at the event, including US President Barack Obama, who will arrive in Paris on Sunday night to participate the next day at the opening of the summit.
Obama, who considers the fight against climate change a priority of his second term today, in France reaffirm their "strong commitment" to the cop21 is a complete "success", today advanced the deputy national security adviser in the White House, Ben Rhodes.
In a conference call with reporters, Rhodes said the president wants the summit to contribute a an "urgent problem" for the "ambitious framework agreement" global warming, "national security and the US economy and the rest of the world."
Much effort has the president on the success of the cop21 that before the opening of the summit on Monday, he will meet with the president of China, Xi Jinping, to advance the negotiations in Paris.
The rapprochement between Obama and Xi, who arrived a year ago a historic agreement for emissions of greenhouse China touch its peak in 2030 and then gradually reduce, offers a favorable political context to climate pact.
Also Monday, Obama will meet with Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, reluctant to present concrete commitments to reduce emissions from heavy dependence on coal is still an emerging economy like India to meet its energy demand.
About 170 countries responsible for 95 percent of emissions have submitted to the UN emissions reduction commitments for the conference in the French capital.
The goal it has set the Obama 2025 is to cut its emission of greenhouse gases between 26 and 28 percent over 2005 levels.
Obama met today in Washington to address the fight against jihadist terrorism French President and host of the cop21, Francois Hollande, who welcomed the US leader go to Paris with the determination to forge a climate pact that allows " live better "future generations
All indications are that the main obstacles to be overcome are the negotiators in Paris funding for mitigating emissions and adapting to climate change in vulnerable countries, differentiation or not between rich and poor countries, and the ambition of the agreement beyond a simple statement of intent.
"In terms of critical issues, we need a strong mitigation. That is the effort to reduce emissions," Stern said today, to highlight the need for "transparency" by countries to report on their achievements in that area.
Keys are also adaptation measures aimed at the most vulnerable countries to prepare for climate change.
In order to help these countries it has created the Green Climate Fund, which should have, from 2020, of 100,000 million annually.
In this regard, special envoy acknowledged that funding represents "one of the most controversial issues" to be solved in Paris, then in theory that burden would fall on the developed countries but would remain outside powers like China.
Yet Stern today praised the "wonderful" initiative of China to establish a new fund with a budget of 3,100 million dollars to assist poor countries in the fight against climate change, but that money will not thicken the Green Fund.
The special envoy also admitted that although "challenging" issues must still be resolved in Paris, the US will strive to avoid "an agreement that is only minimal and defer decisions for the future too".
"We must ensure that this agreement is sound (...). And I think we will succeed," settled Todd Stern.